SYLLABUS OF CLASS 12TH PCM OF UP BOARD

पाठ्यक्रम
कक्षा - 12 ( PCM )
हिंदी - 1		English - 1
गद्द	1. वासुदेवशरण - राष्ट्र का स्वरूप	Prose	1. A girl with a basket
	2. कन्हैयालाल - रॉबर्ट नर्सिंग होम में		2. A fellow traveller
	3. डॉ हज़ारीप्रसाद - अशोक के फूल		3. Secret of health, success…
	4. जी सुंदर रेड्डी - भाषा और आधुनिकता		4. The horse
	5. हरिशंकर परसाई - निंदा रस		5. I am John's heart
	6. मोहन राकेश - आखिरी चट्टान		6. Women's education
पद्द	1. अयोध्यासिंह - पवन दूतिका		7. The heritage of India
	2. मैथिलीशरण - कैकेयी का अनुताप	Poetry	1. Character of a happy life
	3. जयशंकर प्रसाद - गीत, श्रद्धा-मनु		2. The true beauty
	4. पंत - नौका विहार, परिवर्तन, बापू के प्रति		3. On his blindness
	5. महादेवी वर्मा - गीत		4. From 'An elegy written…
	6. दिनकर - पुरूरवा, उर्वशी, अभिनव मनुष्य		5. A lament
	7. अज्ञेय - मैंने आहुति बनकर देखा, हिरोशिमा		6. La belle dame…
कथा	1. फणीश्वर नाथ - पंचलाइट		7. From the passing of arthur
	2. शिवानी - लाटी		8. My heaven
	3. जैनेंद्र - ध्रुव यात्रा		9. Stopping by woods…
	4. अमरकांत - बहादुर		10. The story of the free
नाटक	गंगासहाय प्रेमी - सूतपुत्र	Short Stories	1. The gold watch
खण्डकाव्य	रामेश्वर शुक्ल - त्यागपथी		2. An astrologer's day
हिंदी - 2			3. The lost child
संस्कृत	1. चतुरश्चौरः		4. The special experience
	2. सुभाषचंद्रः	Drama	The merchant of Venice
	3. संस्कृत भाषायाः महत्वम्	English - 2
	4. जातक कथा		Grammar
	5. सुभाषितरत्नानि	भौतिक विज्ञान - 1
	6. महामनाः मालवीयः		1. स्थिर विद्द्तिकी
	7. पंचशील सिद्धान्ताः		2. धारा विद्दुत
	परिशिष्ट, व्याकरण, शब्दरूप, धातुरूप		3. विद्दुत धारा का चुम्बकीय प्रभाव तथा चुम्बकत्व
रसायन विज्ञान - 1			4. वैद्दुत चुम्बकीय प्रेरण तथा प्रत्यावर्ती धारायें
	1. रासायनिक बलगतिकी		5. वैद्दुत चुम्बकीय तरंगें
	2. वैद्दुत रसायन	भौतिक विज्ञान - 2
	3. रेडॉक्स अभिक्रिया		1. प्रकाशिकी
	4. पृष्ठ रसायन		2. द्र्व्य तथा विकिरणों की द्वैत प्रकृति
	5. तत्वों के निष्कर्षण के सिद्धांत		3. परमाणु तथा नाभिक
	6. p - ब्लॉक के तत्व ( 15, 16, 17, 18 )		4. इलेक्ट्रानिक युक्तियाँ
	7. d और f - ब्लॉक के तत्व		5. संचार व्यवस्था
	8. उपसहसंयोजन यौगिक	गणित - 1
रसायन विज्ञान - 2			1. आव्यूह
	1. विलयन		2. सारणिक
	2. ऊष्मागतिकी		3. रैखिक असमिकायें
	3. हैलोएल्केन तथा हैलोएरीन		4. प्रतिलोम त्रिकोणमितीय फलन
	4. एल्कोहॉल, फिनॉल तथा ईथर		5. निर्देशांक ज्यामिति
	5. एलिफैटिक, एल्डिहाइड...	गणित - 2
	6. नाइट्रोजन युक्त कार्बनिक यौगिक		1. अवकलन तथा अवकलनीयता
	7. जैव अणु		2. अवकलनों के अनुप्रयोग
	8. बहुलक		3. समाकलन
			4. समाकलनों के अनुप्रयोग
			5. अवकल समीकरण
			6. रैखिक प्रोग्रामन
			7. सदिश तथा त्रिविमीय ज्यामिति

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Ghazipur opium factory

Ghazipur opium factory - from wikipedia

The opium factory located in the city was established by the British and continues to be a major source of opium production in India. It is known as the Opium Factory Ghazipur or, more formally, the Government Opium and Alkaloid Works. It is the largest factory of its kind in the country and indeed the world. The factory was initially run by the East India Company and was used by the British during the First and Second Opium Wars with China. The factory as such was founded in 1820 though the British had been trading Ghazipur opium before that. Nowadays its output is entirely above board, controlled legally by the Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic Substance Act and Rules (1985) and administratively by the Indian government Ministry of Finance, overseen by a committee and a Chief Controller. The factory's output serves the global pharmaceutical industry. Until 1943 the factory only produced raw opium extracts from poppies, but nowadays it also produces many alkaloids, having first begun alkaloid production during World War Two to meet military medical needs. Its annual turnover is in the region of 2 billion rupees (approximately 36 or 37 million US dollars, for a profit of about 80 million rupees(1.5 million dollars). It has been profitable every year since 1820, but the alkaloid production currently makes a loss, while the opium production makes a profit. The typical annual opium export from the factory to the USA, for example, would be about 360 tonnes of opium. As well as the opium and alkaloid production, the factory also has a significant R&D program, employing up to 50 research chemists. It also serves the unusual role of being the secure repository for illegal opium seizures in India—and correspondingly, an important office of the Narcotics Control Bureau of India is located in Ghazipur. Overall employment in the factory is about 900. Because it is a government industry, the factory is administrated from New Delhi but a General Manager oversees operations in Ghazipur. In keeping with the sensitive nature of its production, the factory is guarded under high security (by the Central Industrial Security Force), and not easily accessible to the general public. The factory has its own residential accommodation for its employees, and is situated across the banks of river Ganges from the main city of Ghazipur. It is surrounded by high walls topped with barbed wire. Its products are taken by high security rail to Mumbai or New Delhi for further export.

The factory covers about 43 acres and much of its architecture is in red brick, dating from colonial times. Within the grounds of the factory there is a temple to Baba Shyam and a mazar, both said to predate the factory. There is also a solar clock, installed by the British opium agent Hopkins Esor from 1911 to 1913. Rudyard Kipling, who was familiar with opium both medicinally and recreationally, visited the Ghazipur factory in 1888 and published a description of its workings in The Pioneer on 16 April 1888. The text, In an Opium Factory is freely available from Adelaide University's ebook library.

Amitav Ghosh's novel Sea of Poppies deals with the British opium trade in India and much of Ghosh's story is based on his research of the Ghazipur factory. In interview, Ghosh stresses how much of the wealth of the British Empire stemmed from the often unsavoury opium trade, with Ghazipur as one of its centers, but he is also amazed at the scale of the present-day operation.

The Ghazipur Opium Factory may have one more claim to fame, for a rather unique problem it has. It is infested with monkeys, but these are too narcotic-addled to be a real problem and workers drag them out of the way by their tails. - wikipedia

HISTORY OF GHAZIPUR ( LAHURI KASHI ) गाजीपुर का इतिहास

GHAZIPUR - HISTORY  from ghazipur.nic.in

Ghazipur was covered with dense  forest  in Vedic  era  and  it was a place for Ashrams of Saints during  that  period. This place is  related to   the Ramayana period  where Maharshi Yamdgni, the Father of  Mahrshi Parsuram resided over here.The Famous Rishis Gautam & Chyavan were given teaching and sermon here in ancient period.    The  Lord  Buddha  who gave the first sermon in Sarnath,Varanasi which is not very far from here. The Aurihar area of Ghazipur   district  became  the  main  center  for teaching of Lord Buddha. Many stoopas  and  pillars  are  the main  evidence    of that period.  Chinese Traveller  Hiuen Tsang  had   visited  this   area  and  described  this place as Chanchu "The Land of Battle Fields" .           This Place  was  the main center  in medieval period  from Sultanate period  to  Mughals.  In Tughalk period, Zuna Khan, alias  Muhammad   Tuglak established the Jaunpur as the capital under which  the  Ghazipur was ruled . In the regime of Zuna Khan, the Saiyyad Massod Ghazi  established this town , by  defeating he  Raja   Mandhata, the  ancestor  of  brave  King  Prithvi   Raj Chauhan. In Lodhi Period, the Naseer Khan  Nuhani was the   Administrator of Ghazipur who changed its conditions. This  Area  was   the main center during Mughal period when Babar took over the  charge of   Ghazipur and Muhammad Khan Nuhani became its administrator. In  the reign   of Akbar, the Afghan Ali Kuli Khan took over the charge of Ghazipur and developed the town Zamania. After the Death of Aurangjeb this area was  taken by  Jamindar   Mansa  Ram . Thereafter, Ghazipur came under the suzerainty of the Banaras state and Raja Balwant Singh, the Son of Mansa Ram became  the King of Ghazipur.After the attack of Warren Hastings, the then Governor General of the British rule,  this area was ruled over by various British  rulers. The Lord Cornwallis, who  was very famous for reforms in land came to visit this place and accidentally died. In his memory a beautiful tomb which  attracts  the  tourist is also present in Ghazipur City.           This Area is  Fertile  with  Great  Freedom  fighters.  The   Hero  of Ist Freedom movement ( which  is  popularly  referred to  as Sepoy Movement ) Mangal Pandey comes from this soil only. The  Famous Nilha Sahib Revolt is Associated with this place where the Farmers  revolted   against the British & they set on fire various Indigo Godowns. The Ghazipur Plays and has played a major role in India's Freedom Struggle.           After Independence, Ghazipur  could  not develop as it used to be  in the past. But  this  soil  gave  brave  soldiers  like  Brig. Usman,  Paramveer Chakra awarddee Veer Abdul Hameed,  Ram Urgrah  Pandey. In recent times Ghazipur showed  its  notable  bravery  in   Kargil victory against Pakistan in 1999.